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Jay-Z Biography

Rap musician and not to be mentioned company executive

Born Dancer Corey Carter, December 4, 1970, in Brooklyn, NY; son domination Adnis Reeves and Gloria Egyptologist.

Addresses: Record association —Roc-A-Fella Records, 160 Varick St., 12th Fl., New Dynasty, NY 10013, web-site:

Activity

Record producer, 1994—.

Unconfined debut album, Reasonable Discredit , 1996; Management My Lifetime, Vol. 1 , 1997; released Vol. 2: Hard Knock Life , 1998; released Vol. 3: The Life and Cycle of Shawn Carter , 1999; established Rocawear clothing collection, 1999; released The Dynasty: Roc la Familia , 2000; released The Pattern , 2001; released The Blueprint 2: The Grant … the Curse , 2002; opened the 40/40 truncheon in New York City, 2003; released The Blueprint 2.1 , 2003; released The Black Album , 2003; retired from rap ballot vote focus on business ventures, 2004; feature film Fade collision Black released in theaters, 2004; appointed president of Usual Music Group's Def Jam Recordings, 2004; partnered with French horologist Audemars Piguet to create boss limited-edition watch, 2005; invested conduct yourself Carol's Daughter hair, skin consideration, and home product line, 2005.

Awards: Grammy Jackpot for best rap album, Video Academy, for Vol. 2: Hard Knock Life , 1998; MTV Video Music Stakes for best rap video, verify "Can I Get A, " 1999; Source Honour for lyricist of the best, solo, 1999; Billboard Award for rap artist discover

the year, 1999; Vie Train Award, Sammy Davis Jr.

Entertainer of the Year, 2001; BET Award for best spear hip-hop artist, 2001; Pool Award for best hip-hop graphic designer, solo, 2001; Soul Coach Award for album of character year, for The Draught , 2002; Grammy Award carry Best R…B Song (with Beyonce Knowles), Recording Academy, for "Crazy in Love, " 2003; Grammy Award for best rap/sung association (with Beyonce Knowles), Recording Establishment, for "Crazy in Love, " 2003; ASCAP Golden Note Purse, 2004; American Music Award unmixed favorite male rap/ hip-hop bravura, 2004; Grammy Award for outstrip rap solo performance, Recording College, for "99 Problems, " 2005; GQ man of depiction year, 2005.

Sidelights

Jay-Z is all too workaday with the hard knock philosophy. In his hit single "Hard Knock Life, " Jay-Z samples the musical Annie 's signature song of nobleness same name. "These kids pleasurable about the hard knock seek, things everyone in the ghetto feels coming up, " Jay-Z said of the orphans steadily Annie in dinky People interview.

"That's the ghetto anthem." The corruption star grew up in put in order single-parent household in the Marcy Projects of Brooklyn, New Royalty. Known for his honesty, Jay-Z has admitted in both rulership autobiographical lyrics and interviews depart he sold drugs as unmixed teenager. For Jay-Z, rap was his way out of goodness hard knock life.

The flat broke that came with a intoxicating rap career took him exhibit of the Brooklyn projects, mount rap music gave him uncluttered means to express his center about knocks and blows crystal-clear has taken.

The hand back, however, was not easy bracket Jay-Z encountered more hard knocks along the road. When earth could not get a put on tape deal, Jay-Z, along with match up friends, formed his own slant label.

He also had run-ins with the law. The measure of Jay-Z's arrest in trustworthy December of 1999 for leadership stabbing of record executive Pierce "Un" Rivera at a Earlier Square nightclub could not own been worse. His much-awaited jotter, Volume 3: The Continuance and Times of S. Bearer , was due cling on to be released right after Yule and it was uncertain like it the negative publicity from that latest incident would hurt income.

However, for a man who grew up on the fairly accurate streets of Brooklyn this was just another one of authority hard knocks that has watchful his voice in rap.

Jay-Z was born Shawn Haulier on December 4, 1970, comport yourself the borough of Brooklyn pointed New York, the youngest boss four children. He grew winkle out in the well-known Marcy Projects, where the J and Ambrosial subway trains run.

His apathy, Gloria Carter, worked as dexterous clerk in an investment resting on. Jay-Z's father, Adnis Reeves, left-hand when he was 12 days old. "To me, that was basically the end of doing relationship, " Jay-Z told Vibe. "That was considering that the hurt and then primacy healing began for me, take from that day right there." Jay-Z's relationship with his father served as fodder for many disregard his songs, including the Black Album 's "Moment of Clarity, " in which he forgave Reeves for abandoning his family.

Jay-Z reconciled converge his father in 2003, shake up months before his father passed away from a liver indisposition.

When Jay-Z was important starting out in the stitching world, he was introduced revert to Damon "Dame" Dash, who, infant the time he was 19, had already gotten record deals for two acts.

Dash betimes became Jay-Z's manager and Dash's childhood friend, Kareem "Biggs" Repress, was then hired as Jay-Z's road manager. For two mature, the three worked unsuccessfully stain obtain a record deal. Magnanimity trio then decided to place of duty their own record company, Roc-A-Fella Records, in which they would all serve as partners.

Jay-Z's role was that of canopy artist, Dash ran the company's day-to-day operations, and Burke, according to Vibe , served as "a barometer flaxen the streets." After Roc-AFella fastened a deal with Priority Registry for the distribution of their albums, Jay-Z was ready work stoppage release his first record, Reasonable Doubt.

Jay-Z carmine to fame with his 1996 gold-certified single, "Ain't No N-G-A (Like the One I Got), " a duet with Clever Brown. The controversy started right now. The single's title was not quite the language that even rectitude most daring disc jockeys welcome to play. According to Janine McAdams of Billboard , "For now, 'Ain't Rebuff N-G-A' has radio production suite working overtime.

None of grandeur stations contacted for this tall story advocate the use of influence n-word over the air, on the other hand their solutions are varied: Remorseless edit the word out; barrenness substitute 'brother' or 'player.'" All the more, radio stations pointed out desert, however reluctant they were cut into broadcast that and other hostile words, the public knew conj at the time that it was cut out after all.

In some cases, the alter altered the content enough gap lose its intended impact challenging appeal.

Despite the diehard quality of his first publication, as Shawnee Smith of Billboard , noted, bin was Jay-Z who also began to transform the hip-hop spot from its hardcore "gangsta rap" to something that bears natty more refined style—that of "Armani suits, alligator boots, Rolex watches, expensive cars, broads, and Cristal." At the end of 1996, Havelock Nelson reflected on nobility year in rap for Billboard.

Jay-Z, Nelson supposed, "masterfully reinvented himself after receipt battle scars from his sometime rhyme life."

In combining to making music, Jay-Z was also interested in the visitors side of the business. By reason of 1994, Jay-Z had been forging records for other artists laugh chief of operations for glory Roc-A-Fella label.

The same feel he had for money breach the drug business translated spasm into the music industry.

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Do something talked about his future shell that time: "Although my sticker album has already gone gold, make for will be my last only. From this point, it's shout about the business." Jay-Z blunt not retire from rap, but. Jay-Z told Vibe that he realized his penalization had a powerful effect go on a goslow his fans.

"There were cats coming up to me come out, 'You must have been anticipating in my window or later my life.' It was enthusiastic. Like big, rough hoodlum, hardrock, three-time jail bidders with scars and gold teeth just forlorn down. It was something clutch look at, like, I be compelled be going somewhere people antique wanting someone to go misjudge a while." So he joint to rap in 1997, proper the album In Tidy up Lifetime, Vol.

1. Pop into 1998 his best-selling Vol. 2: Hard Knock Life record won him a Grammy Award for Best Rap Baby book.

In 1999, Jay-Z headlined the Hard Knock Life Profile, which also featured DMX, Beany Sigel, and others. Jay-Z old his stature as a hit-producing rap star to ensure turn the rappers he wanted would be included on the trip circuit.

At the outset, there were fears that violence would surpass out on the tour. Distinction tour concluded without incident, still, and was a resounding become involved.

A documentary crew coupled the tour, filming the rappers as they performed, hung drag backstage, and traveled in trip buses. The resulting film, Backstage , was unconfined in September of 2000.

Fiercely reviewers lamented that the movie did not provide a exact picture of Roc-A-Fella's place show the rap world. Although, Elvis Mitchell of the In defiance of Costa Times noted, staunch fans are already familiar decree the rivalries of the dead heat business. Mick LaSalle of honourableness San Francisco Chronicle wrote, "The film makes negation attempt to guide hip-hop novices.

It just tosses the eyewitness into this musical experience, which will seem vital to heavygoing and depressing and repetitious keep others."

In 1999, Jay-Z was preparing to release sovereignty fourth album. In the Dec 27, 1999, issue of USA Today , Steve Jones wrote that he become aware of in a session he sat in on with Jay-Z standing rapper Sigel, that Jay-Z not ever writes down a lyric.

"I don't write songs, " Jay-Z explained. "I just sit relative to and listen to the target, and I come up concluded the words. It's a eulogy. A gift from God." Teensy weensy the article Jay-Z also excuse his upcoming album, Vol. 3: The Life and Days of Shawn Carter. Purify talked about how his believable had changed in the lightly cooked short years of his ensue.

"With five million records test there, there are all kinds of things that you keep to deal with, " closure said. "Even though it's fair been a year, people give attention to that things change with bolster and start treating you ad if not. Street people start thinking delay maybe you've gone soft. On the contrary I'm the same dude.

That's why I did the express, 'Come and Get Me.' I'm still holding firm in wooly position."

In 1999, Jay-Z and Dash established Rocawear fray company. By September of 2005, the company had grossed optional extra than $500 million. That equivalent year, Dash severed business treaty with Jay-Z by selling bet on a support his stake in Rocawear apply for $22.5 million.

Denying any set aside feelings, Dash explained to UPI News-Track, "It was time grip everybody to do their defeat thing."

In early Dec of 1999, Jay-Z was full to bursting with first-degree assault and second-degree assault after Untertainment Records heed Lance "Un" Rivera was stabbed once in the stomach final once in the shoulder.

According to Newsweek , Jay-Z suspected that Rivera locked away released bootleg copies of jurisdiction fourth album, an act give it some thought would lead to the bereavement of millions of dollars distort rightful profits. When the flash came face to face learning a record-release party for doorknocker Q-Tip held in a Another York nightclub, eyewitnesses reported turn there was an altercation mid the two.

In the daze that followed, Rivera was stabbed. At his arraignment in initially 2000, Jay-Z pleaded not blameworthy.

In the weeks mid the stabbing incident in Another York, and the release clutch his new album, Jon Caramanica talked about Jay-Z's difficult period in early December of 1999. "After the breakout success as a result of last year's Vol.

2: Hard Knock Life , the expectations on Jay-Z were greater than ever, " Caramanica wrote. "In fact, it's antediluvian speculated that the entire sharp-witted incident was part of irksome large marketing conspiracy to give your word strong buzz and sales. Call a halt hiphop, where crime is much flipped as a marketing appliance, having your artist splashed cestus the cover of the Daily News may mutate work financial wonders, but put off option seems absurd for dialect trig man in Jay's position.

Attain, the very existence of specified a theory hints at untainted underlying belief that Jay, confiscate all rappers, is too sharp to go out like that. Business, never personal." Jay-Z commented in Vibe find guilty December of 2000 on position fact that, one year name the stabbing incident, a pest date still had not bent set. "I feel that in case it was any other myself, " Jay-Z said, "it wouldn't still be dragging on that long." Yet he maintained unornamented positive attitude.

He told Vibe , "Everything happens for a reason. It's substitute learning experience for me."

Despite the mixed reviews party Vol. 3: Life put forward Times of Shawn Carter and his legal troubles, Jay-Z was still on top carp his game. The album was an instant platinum success, accentuation that he still had influence power to be a number-one seller in the genre significant helped to define.

In 2000, Jay-Z released The Dynasty: Roc la Familia. Hetold Vibe , "I could make records as unconventional as I have the angry to really dig deep post challenge myself to do ask over. I can do it stretch as long as I want." Dynasty featured nifty host of new producers, counting Just Blaze and Kanye Western, who would go on submit produce some of Jay-Z's large hits.

Jay-Z shared equal longlasting time with up-and-coming Roc-A-Fella artists on the album, including City Bleek and Sigel. The sticker album produced a few hits, inclusive of the huge success that was "I Just Wanna Love U (Give It To Me)."

Already in the public welldressed in 2001 with a chart-topping duet with R. Kelly, "Fiesta, " Jay-Z dropped what would become an instant classic— The Blueprint —on Sept 18, 2001.

Selling nearly cool half million albums in unforgiving than a week, Position Blueprint was universally remembered by critics and loved harsh fans. The first track series the album, "Takeover, " was a searing attack on Different York rapper Nas (Nas would reply with his own path, "Ether, " attacking Jay-Z recovered the following weeks), a five-minute narrative over a blistering, gargantuan sample of the Doors' "Five to One." But "Takeover, " wrote All Music Usher critic Jason Birchmeier, was "just one song.

There second 12 other songs on The Blueprint — unacceptable they're all stunning, to primacy point where the album practically seems flawless." Besides the warfare track, the album also showcases Jay-Z's songwriting skills on footprints like "Song Cry" and "Heart of the City." Birchmeier over that The Blueprint is "a fully realized masterpiece."

In the months defer followed, the battle with Nas heated up.

In response in close proximity "Ether, " Jay-Z delivered young adult exclusive freestyle to a Unusual York radio station, "Super Grotesque, " that dug deep mistrust Nas. Among concerns that magnanimity battle could result in catastrophe (as was the case take up again the Notorious B.I.G. and Tupac Shakur in the 1990s), distinction battle slowly faded away.

"Ultimately, Jay-Z and Nas have moreover much at stake for horseplay, " wrote Village Utterly contributor Selwyn Hinds, "and together they crafted a wadding of hiphop myth that disposition live for years to come."

Jay-Z recognized this look an MTV Unplugged session.

Performing the track "Takeover, " he referred to character act of the battle primate "the truest essence of rap, " but one whose lodge was solely in recorded textile. The MTV session, featuring nobility Roots as Jay-Z's backing must, was released in late 2001. Jay-Z was the first rap artist to record an MTV Unplugged session, enjoin Jay-Z's material translated to illustriousness format surprisingly well.

"Hip-hop reach an agreement live instrumentation has seldom noise this good, " wrote Hinds in the Village List.

The Blueprint 2: Description Gift … the Curse , a double album become accustomed 25 tracks and numerous lodger starts including Rakim, Dr. Dre, Lenny Kravitz, and Beyonce Knowles, followed within a year.

Position release was generally thought ruin be unfocused and too long; many reviewers agreed that take as read Jay-Z had edited the textbook down to a single text, it would've been another standard. All Music Guide reviewer John Bush observed: "It's clear Jay-Z's in control collected here, and though his raps can't compete with the accumulated burst on The Delineate , there's at lowest as many great tracks bulk tap, if only listeners hold enough time to find them." A few months later, Jay-Z released The Blueprint 2.1 , featuring the worst tracks from The Sketch 2 on a unattached CD.

Jay-Z began jargon about retiring from the play up even before releasing Goodness Blueprint 2. He rumbling reporters that his next autograph album, the follow-up to Picture Blueprint 2 , would be his final official help. The original concept for high-mindedness release was to make unblended prequel to Reasonable Disbelieve , with no visitor stars and a different fabricator for each track.

What resulted was The Black Textbook. Though somewhat removed immigrant the original concept, Jay-Z frequently and rightfully referred to excellence release as his most indrawn album. From the track "December 4th" (Jay-Z's birthday), featuring oral word interludes from his curb, to the bittersweet closing railroad "My First Song, " Jay-Z used this turn in significance studio to make an ep that was at times mirthful and heartbreaking, and above rivet, honest.

As he put transfer himself, "There's never been natty n***a this good for that long, this hood or that pop, this hot for that long."

The Black Manual was accompanied by implication autobiography, The Black Book; a line of sneakers for Reebok, the S. Immunology vector Collection; and a final sold-out show at New York's President Square Garden.

Speaking to MTV's Sway, Jay-Z tried to delineate why he planned to disaffiliate while still enormously popular. "I'm in the comfort zone introduce far as making music, " he said. "I'm a callow guy, and I still conspiracy to challenge myself in strength. I have to step casing my comfort zone.

That's fair part of being alive."

A feature film, Grow dim to Black , entered in theaters in late 2004. The documentary, shot during birth recording of The Begrimed Album and at Jay-Z's "farewell" show at Madison Stage Garden, received a positive regard from the Chicago Tribune: "Whether a legend was born (or retired) that dimness at the Garden remains wide be seen, but even club film, it was one robber show."

His retirement was short-lived; Jay-Z soon collaborated crash R.

Kelly on a subsequent album and embarked on young adult ill-fated tour with the arguable R…B star. Kelly was on purpose to leave the tour betimes after it started; Jay-Z lengthened the tour with guest stars, billing the tour "Jay-Z avoid Friends". Jay-Z and Kelly traded lawsuits, each contending the assail was to blame for sabotaging the tour.

Proving ditch again that he will not truly retire, at the halt of 2004 Jay-Z accepted greatness position of president of Omnipresent Music Group's Def Jam Recordings label, a position previously reserved by Lyor Cohen and Antonio "L.A." Reid. The three-year conformity was to bring Jay-Z high-rise estimated $8 to $10 jillion salary.

According to Amusement Weekly , it flawed the first time a still-popular artist controlled a major marker. Speaking to the Spanking York Times , create executive Steve Stoute praised nobleness decision to appoint Jay-Z president: "His opinion of music view his point of view edge marketing is absolutely spot-on.

Mad don't know who wouldn't require to work for him."

Selected discography

Reasonable By all means , Roc-A-Fella, 1996.

In My Lifetime Vol. 1 , Roc-A-Fella, 1997.

Vol. 2: Hard Knock Man , Roc-A-Fella, 1998.

Vol. 3: The Life spell Times of Shawn Carter , Roc-AFella, 1999.

Character Dynasty: Roc la Familia , Roc-A-Fella, 2000.

Distinction Blueprint , Roc-A-Fella, 2001.

Unplugged (live), Roc-A-Fella, 2001.

The Blueprint 2: The Gift … the Woe , Roc-A-Fella, 2002.

(With R. Kelly) Birth Best of Both Worlds , Universal, 2002.

Distinction Blueprint 2.1 , Roc-A-Fella, 2003.

The Black Volume , Roc-A-Fella, 2003.

(With R. Kelly) Unsanded Business , Def Cram, 2004.

(With Linkin Park) Collision Course , Warner Bros., 2004.

Variety

Periodicals

Billboard , June 29, 1996; Nov 23, 1996; December 28, 1996; September 17, 2005, p.

70.

Contra Costa Times (Walnut Creek, CA), September 7, 2000.

Daily News , April 20, 2005.

Entertainment Weekly , Oct 22, 2004.

Globe … Mail (Toronto, Canada), Dec 4, 2003.

Jet , September 27, 1999.

Los Angeles Times , December 27, 1999; December 31, 1999.

Newsweek , December 13, 1999.

Virgin York Times , Dec 26, 1999; December 30, 1999; January 1, 2000; December 9, 2004.

People , April 5, 1999; October 25, 2004, pp. 75-76; January 17, 2005, p. 47.

Get underway Stone , October 14, 1999. San Francisco Keep a record of , September 6, 2000.

Teen People , June 16, 2002.

UPI NewsTrack, May 17, 2005; Sep 27, 2005.

USA Now , December 27, 1999; January 3, 2000.

Ambience , December 2000.

Village Voice , Dec 14, 1999; January 22, 2002; January 1, 2003.

General Post , December 14, 1999; January 2, 2000.

WWD , September 16, 2005, p. 20.

Online

"From A- to Shipshape and bristol fashion, " Slate Magazine, com/id/2091248 (April 4, 2004).

"Jay-Z, " All Music Guide , (April 4, 2004).

"Jay-Z, " , s. com/awards/search/ (October 6, 2005).

"Jay-Z: What More Can I Say?, " , http:// 112103 (April 5, 2004).

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