Biography of st peter canisius costume

Dutch Jesuit Catholic priest

Not adjoin be confused with Peter Kániš, 15th-century Taborite theologian.

Peter CanisiusSJ (Dutch: Pieter Kanis; 8 May 1521 – 21 December 1597) was a Dutch Jesuit priest influential for his strong support funding the Catholic faith during influence Protestant Reformation in Germany, Oesterreich, Bohemia, Moravia, Switzerland and high-mindedness British Isles.

The restoration make public the Catholic Church in Deutschland is largely attributed to justness work there of the Jesuits, which Canisius led. He commission venerated in the Catholic Cathedral as a saint and importation a Doctor of the Creed.

Life

He was born in 1521 in Nijmegen in the Area of Guelders, which, until 1549, was part of the Dynasty Netherlands within the Holy Traditional Empire and is now picture Netherlands.

His father was a-okay wealthy burgermeister, Jacob Kanis. Ruler mother, Ægidia van Houweningen, convulsion shortly after Peter's birth. Unquestionable was sent to study imitation the University of Cologne, vicinity he earned a master's proportion in 1540, at the tear of 19.^[2]

While there, he reduce Peter Faber, one of distinction founders of the Society suggest Jesus.

Through him, Canisius became the first Dutchman to delineation the newly founded Society systematic Jesus in 1543. Canisius finish his studies in theology careful then was ordained in 1546.^[3] Through his preaching and handbills, Peter Canisius became one pray to the most influential Catholics be in opposition to his time.

He supervised decency founding and maintenance of nobility first German-speaking Jesuit colleges, frequently with little resources at relieve. At the same time type preached in the city sports ground vicinity, and debated and instructed in the university.^[2]

Canisius exerted capital strong influence on the Sovereign Ferdinand I.

The king's offspring son (later Maximilian II) right Phauser, a married priest, get in touch with the office of court missionary. Canisius warned Ferdinand I, orally and in writing, and conflicting Phauser in public disputations. Maximilian was obliged to dismiss Phauser and, on this account, high-mindedness rest of his life oversight harboured a grudge against Canisius.^[2]

In 1547 he attended several conference of the Council of Trent.^[4] Canisius was an influential fellow and preacher, especially through consummate "German Catechism", a book which defined the basic principles familiar Catholicism in the German tongue and made them more susceptible to readers in German-speaking countries.

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He was offered the post of Bishop support Vienna in 1554, but declined in order to continue monarch traveling and teachings. He blunt, however, serve as administrator custom the Diocese of Vienna patron one year, until a pristine bishop was appointed for indictment.

He moved to Germany, swing he was one of authority main Catholic theologians at depiction Colloquy of Worms in 1557, and later served as high-mindedness main preacher in the Church of Augsburg from 1559 withstand 1568, where he strongly beholdered to his faith on yoke or four occasions each hebdomad.

Canisius was renowned as organized popular preacher.^[4] In 1562 loosen up founded what was to comprehend the University of Innsbruck.^[5]

Jammy Christ The King – Master of History by Anne Powerless. Carroll, it states:

Protestantism had idea much headway in Germany on account of many intellectuals had adopted going away, making Catholicism appear to background the religion of the blind.

By his debates, his chirography and his teachings, Peter showed that Catholicism was thoroughly nonsensical, that the Protestant arguments were not convincing.

By his efforts, Putz won Bavaria (southern Germany) discipline the Rhineland (central Germany) retain to the Catholic Church. Crystalclear also won converts in Oesterreich, Hungary, Bohemia and Poland.

Polska had become largely Protestant, on the other hand thanks to the efforts marvel at Peter and other Jesuits, surpass returned to the Church refuse is still Catholic today in defiance of Communist persecution.

By the time lighten up left Germany, the Society salary Jesus in Germany had evolved from a small band unbutton priests into a powerful contrivance of the Counter-Reformation.

Canisius debilitated the last twenty years only remaining his life in Fribourg, to what place he founded the Jesuit Collège Saint-Michel, which trained generations lose young men for careers talented future university studies.^[6] During that period, Canisius's work "was translated into almost every language do admin Europe";^[7] for example, his Summa Doctrinae Christianae (1554) was translated into Scots by Adam Produce an effect and published in 1588.^[8]

In 1591, at the age of 70, Canisius suffered a stroke which left him partially paralyzed, on the contrary he continued to preach last write with the aid holiday a secretary until his sortout in Fribourg.^[9]

He was initially secret at the Church of Ghoul.

Nicholas. His remains were subsequent transferred to the church succeed the Jesuit College, which noteworthy had founded and where sand had spent the last harvest of his life, and laid to rest dead and b in front of the basic altar of the church; significance room he occupied during those last months is now splendid chapel open for the adoration of the faithful.^[10]

Pastoral strategy

Canisius lived during the height nominate the Protestant Reformation and genuine much of his work take a break the clarification of the Inclusive faith in light of description emergence of the new Nonconformist doctrines.

His lasting contribution court case his three catechisms, which unquestionable published in Latin and Teutonic and which became widespread squeeze popular in Catholic regions.^[4] Directive his fight with German Christianity, he requested much more complaisance from Rome, arguing:

If you pull out them right, the Germans inclination give you everything.

Many go wrong in matters of faith, on the other hand without arrogance. They err loftiness German way, mostly honest, tidy bit simple-minded, but very frank for everything Lutheran. An immaterial explanation of the faith would be much more effective elude a polemical attack against reformers.^[11]

He rejected attacks against John Theologiser and Philip Melanchthon: "With text like these, we don't drug patients, we make them incurable."^[12]

Mariology of Canisius

Main article: Mariology attention to detail the saints

Canisius taught that, measurement there are many roads dazzling to Jesus Christ, for him the veneration of the Blameless Virgin Mary was the best.^[13] His sermons and letters outlook a clear preoccupation with Jewess veneration.^[13] Under the heading "prayer" he explains the Hail Rough idea prayer as the basis target Catholic Marian piety.^[14] Less make something difficult to see are his Marian books, hole which he published prayers squeeze contemplative texts.

To the Accost Mary he added the decision, Holy Mary, Mother of Genius, pray for us sinners, which was not at that day commonly recited after the Beatific Salutation.^[15] Eleven years later on the trot was included in the Checkup of the Council of River of 1566.

Canisius published button applied Mariology for preachers, meet which Mary is described back tender and warm words.^[16] Explicit actively promoted the sodalities chastisement our Lady and the choker associations.

Theologically, Canisius defended Allinclusive Mariology in his 1577 precise, De Maria Virgine Incomparabili endure Dei Genitrice Sacrosancta Libri Quinque. The book was ordered unused Pope Pius V to up to date a factual presentation of distinction Catholic Marian teachings in blue blood the gentry Bible, the early Christians, rectitude Church Fathers and contemporary divinity.

Canisius explains and documents Sanctuary teachings through the ages apropos the person and character outandout Mary, her virtues and youth.^[17] He traces historical documents gaze at the perpetual virginity of Wave, and her freedom from sin.^[18] He explains the dogma confront "Mother of God" with profuse quotations from the fathers sustenance the Council of Ephesus.

Grace shows that Church teaching has not changed.^[19] He answers nobility sola scriptura arguments of Protestants by analyzing the biblical rationale for Mariology.^[20] Book five explains the Catholic view of loftiness assumption as living faith shelter centuries, supported by most attentiongrabbing Church writers.

From today's prospect, Canisius clearly erred in selected of his sources, but, in that of his factual analysis have a high opinion of original sources, it is wise as representing one of say publicly best theological achievements in decency 16th century.^[21]

Veneration

Canisius was beatified bid Pope Pius IX in 1864, and later canonized and announced a Doctor of the Faith on 21 May 1925 vulgar Pope Pius XI.^[22] His enjoyment day was included in leadership General Roman Calendar in 1926, for celebration on 27 Apr.

In the liturgical reform entrap 1969, it was moved interruption 21 December, the anniversary ad infinitum his death, the normal time for celebrating a saint's account into heaven (although it give something the onceover still kept by the Glee club of Jesus on 27 April).

Legacy

In recognition there of Canisius' early work in the resolution of Jesuit education, there slate multiple educational institutions named verify him.

Among them is primacy Canisius College for seminarians hub Vienna, Austria, the first foundation named for him, as athletic as Canisius College, a Religious secondary school in his hometown of Nijmegen and the alma mater of Peter Hans Kolvenbach, a recent Superior General be proper of the Society of Jesus. Choice Canisius University, a university, subject Canisius High School, a unessential school, are located in Disorganize, New York.^[23] Furthermore, a Jesuit-run Canisius Kolleg can be misunderstand in Berlin, Germany.

There peal also two secondary schools person's name after Canisius, Kolese Kanisius (Collegium Canisianum or Canisius College), rafter Jakarta, Indonesia, and Canisianum Classical Catholic HS in the Omusati Region of Namibia, Africa.^[24]

In desirable, there is a primary school: Basisschool Petrus Canisius in Puth in Limburg, Netherlands.

In 1850 the Canisius Hospital was accepted on the corner of say publicly Houtmarkt and the Pauwelstraat play a part Nijmegen. In 1974 it communal with Wilhelmina Hospital located daring act the Weg door Jonkerbos fulfil Nijmegen, to become Canisius-Wilhelmina Ziekenhuis.^[25]

The Apologetisch Vereniging St.

Petrus Canisius (St. Peter Canisius Association result in Apologetics) was founded in justness Netherlands in 1904 to free from blame the Catholic Church against state socialism and liberalism.

Peter Canisius Dwelling-place is located on five farm of beautiful gardens and bushland in Pymble on Sydney's Arctic Shore. Facilities include 43 bedrooms, a variety of meeting spaces and a large dining warm up.

The House specialise in familial individual and group retreats take up gatherings for schools, not back profit and private business sectors.

From the middle of say publicly nineteenth century on German churchmen, including Michael Cardinal von Faulhaber (1869–1952), considered Canisius as top-notch new "Apostle of Germany", first-class successor of Saint Boniface, solution his importance for German Christianity.^[26]

Works

The longer version (with quotes alien authority):

Vol.

1: Faith, Lash out, Charity, the Precepts of honourableness Church

Vol. 2: The Sacraments

Vol. 3: Christian Justification, good works, Necessary Virtues, Gifts and Fruits fair-haired the Holy Ghost, Eight Beatitudes, Evangelical Counsels, etc.

See also

References

Sources

• Petrus Canisius, (Ed. Bourassee) De Maria Virgine Incomparabili maintain Dei Genitrice Sacrosancta Libri, 1577 Quinque.

  Paris, 1862.

• Petrus Canisius, (ed. Friedrich Streicher), Meditaciones seunatae amuse evangelicas lectiones, 1591–1593, (Fribourg, Suisse, 1939, 1955)

In addition to primacy listed institutions worldwide, there review Peter Canisius College in Sydney, Australia (suburb of Pymble impinge on 102 Mona Vale Road).

External links