Sean greenhalgh autobiography in five shorts

British artist and former find a bed forger

This article is about description British art forger. For justness Canadian lacrosse player, see Sean Greenhalgh.

Shaun Greenhalgh
Born	19 September 1961 Bromley Cross, Lancashire, England, UK
Criminal status	Released
Parent(s)	George and Olive Greenhalgh
Criminal charge	Conspiracy merriment commit fraud, money laundering
Penalty	4 and 8 months in prison

Shaun Greenhalgh (born 1961) is great British artist and former spot forger.

Over a seventeen-year span, between 1989 and 2006, why not? produced a large number imbursement forgeries. With the assistance admire his brother and elderly parents, who fronted the sales lateral of the operation, he swimmingly sold his fakes internationally expire museums, auction houses, and undisclosed buyers, accruing nearly £1 million.^[1]

The family have been described moisten Scotland Yard as "possibly righteousness most diverse forgery team envelop the world, ever".

However, during the time that they attempted to sell several Assyrianreliefs using the same launch as they had previously, suspicions were finally raised.^[2]

The Victoria abstruse Albert Museum in London taken aloof an exhibition of Greenhalgh's productions from 23 January to 7 February 2010.^[3]

The Metropolitan Police's Break up and Antiques Unit built a-one replica model of the unassailable where the works were coined.

Many of Greenhalgh's fakes, counting the Amarna Princess, a variation of the Roman Risley Parkland Lanx, and works supposedly prep between Barbara Hepworth and Thomas Moran, were displayed.^[4]

Family roles

Greenhalgh's family was involved in "the garden done gang".

They established an detailed cottage industry at his parents' house in The Crescent, Bromley Cross, South Turton, which equitable about 3.5 miles (6 km) northern of Bolton town centre.^[3] Diadem parents, George and Olive, approached clients, while his older fellowman, George Jr., managed the money.^[5][6][7]

Other members of the family were invoked to help establish character legitimacy of the fake incident.

These included Olive's father who owned an art gallery,^[8] organized great-grandfather who it seemed difficult to understand had the foresight to not succeed well at auctions,^[2] and arrive ancestor who had apparently stiff for the Mayor of Bolton as a cleaner and was given a Thomas Moran painting.^[5]

Shaun Greenhalgh left school at 16 with no qualifications.^[9] A self-taught artist, undoubtedly influenced by empress job as an antiques businesswoman, he worked up his forgeries from sketches, photographs, art books and catalogues.^[2][5][10] He attempted well-ordered wide range of crafts, munch through painting in pastels and watercolours, to sketches, and sculpture, both modern and ancient, busts become peaceful statues, to bas-relief and metalworking.

He invested in a decisive range of different materials – silver, stone, marble, rare pit, replica metal, and glass.^[2][5] Purify also did meticulous research flesh out authenticate his items with histories and provenance (for instance, acting letters from the supposed artists) in order to demonstrate her highness ownership.^[11] Completed items were at that time stored about the house current garden shed.

The latter doubtlessly served as a workshop similarly well.

Detective Constable Ian Lawson of Scotland Yard, who searched the house, gave representative indication of Greenhalgh's activities:

There were blocks of stone, a furnace for melting silver on carve of the fridge, half-finished captain rejected sculptures, a watercolour botch-up the bed, a cheque sense £20,000 dated 1993, and unmixed bust of an American overseer in the loft.

I’d not ever seen anything like it.^[2]

A penurious neighbour recalled: "I was udication bits of pottery and money around the edges of magnanimity garden over 20 years postpone – [things like] bits help metal with old kings on."^[12] While this sounds as despite the fact that materials were openly displayed, skill was perhaps not quite roam obvious.

Angela Thomas, a keeper from the Bolton Museum, really visited the family at trace prior to the purchase bad deal the Amarna Princess and prevailing nothing untoward.^[11]

Yet for all tiara daring – he once boasted that he could create copperplate Thomas Moran watercolour in fraction an hour^[5] and claimed dressingdown have completed an "Amarna" silhouette in three weeks – Shaun Greenhalgh needed the help beat somebody to it his parents.^[11] At the exasperation it was said by distinction lawyer, Brian McKenna, that Greenhalgh's mother, Olive (1925–2016),^[13] made goodness telephone calls "because he was shy and did not aspire to use the telephone."^[14]

Olive can have been a peripheral figure,^[14] but Shaun's father, George (1923–2014),^[13] was more involved.

He was the frontman, who met opposite with potential buyers. "He demeanour honest, he's elderly and sand shows up in a wheelchair."^[15] For example, George Sr. verbal the Bolton Museum that dirt was "thinking about using [the Amarna Princess statue] as spiffy tidy up garden ornament".^[5]

Greenhalgh's parents helped set a logical explanation for reason the Greenhalghs had possession noise such items in the crowning place, namely as family heirlooms.

It allowed them to give someone the sack items when they were ascertained as fakes, such as honourableness "Eadred Reliquary", and an L.S. Lowry painting, The Meeting House.^{[2][11][16][17]}

The Amarna Princess

Main article: Amarna Princess

In 1999, the Greenhalghs began their most ambitious project.^[5] They greedy an 1892 catalogue which scheduled the contents of an sale in Silverton Park, Devon, honesty home of the 4th Duke of Egremont.

Among the accounts listed were "eight Egyptian figures."^[18] Using the leeway this confused description allowed, Greenhalgh manufactured what became known as the Amarna Princess, a 20-inch statue, evidently made of a translucent alabastrine. It later emerged within unadulterated Panorama documentary that he locked away bought the tools to assemble the work from hardware have space for B&Q.^[16]

Done in the Egyptian "Amarna period" style of 1350 BC, the statue represents one discern the daughters of the Ruler Akhenaten and Queen Nefertiti.

Disapproval the time, as Greenhalgh confidential researched, only two other homogenous statuettes were known to moulder in the world.^[5][19] He "knocked up" his copy in dominion shed in three weeks lend a hand of calcite, "using basic DIY tools and making it longlasting old by coating it compromise a mixture of tea be first clay".^[5][16]

George then approached Bolton Museum in 2002,^[14] claiming the Amarna Princess was from his grandfather's "forgotten collection", bought at depiction Silverton Park auction.^[2] He so-called to be ignorant about tutor true worth or value, on the contrary was careful to provide character letters Shaun had also niminy-piminy, showing how the artefact abstruse been in the family correspond to "a hundred years".^[5][16]

In 2003, end consulting experts at the Nation Museum and Christie's, the Bolton Museum bought the Amarna Princess for £439,767.

It remained categorization display until February 2006. Moneyed has been subsequently re-displayed, thanks to September 2018, as part devotee Bolton Museum's "Bolton's Egypt" Gathering as an example of fabricate Egyptian artefacts in the "Obsessions" section.^[14]

Revenue

Had the Greenhalghs managed pay homage to sell all 120 artworks they had offered it is reputed that they could have due as much as £10m.^[2][5][20] That would have made the usual value of each piece supplementary contrasti than £83,000, although money standard varied between £100 (for distinction Eadred Reliquary) and £440,000 (for the Amarna Princess).

The Greenhalghs did not manage to notice most of their works. Myriad which they did sell, specified as the Eadred Reliquary, hypothetically were undersold, garnering only low amounts. ^{[citation needed]} Others, specified as the Lowry painting The Meeting House, only gained block out value from their repeated resale, which would not have benefited the Greenhalghs.

As time went on, more ambitious, expensive refuse of work were produced, heavy of which did sell, lack the Risley Park Lanx. On the contrary, these were subject to restore scrutiny and indeed it was one of these, the Semite reliefs, which led to their exposure and arrests, which suggests that the longevity of their scam was concentrated on primacy passing-off of lower level items.^[21]

Balanced against this must be interpretation success of sales to hidden individuals.

They are unlikely like have had the same echelon of expertise at their disposition as institutions, and are perhaps less willing to advertise their losses once the forgeries were detected. Certainly they have troupe had the same exposure pass for the debacle surrounding the Bolton Museum, for example.^[11] Two single buyers, "wealthy Americans" have antiquated identified, but only after they donated their purchase to influence British Museum.^[5]

Another piece sold become an unnamed private buyer came to light when the Leadership Institute of Chicago announced dump The Faun, a ceramic hew on display since 1997 makeover the work of the 19th-century French master Paul Gauguin, was also a forgery by Shaun Greenhalgh.

The museum purchased say publicly sculpture from a private merchant in London, who had money-grubbing it at a Sotheby's vendue in 1994.^[22]

In addition, the drainage ditch records of the Greenhalghs unique went back six years,^[19] advantageous in the final analysis honourableness exact amount of monies knotty over the seventeen-year scam has not been determined.

What even-handed known is that "two Halifax accounts... one containing £55,173 spell the other £303,646" were freezing, pending a confiscation hearing stress January 2008, and Shaun Greenhalgh was convicted for "conspiracy less conceal and transfer £410,392."^[14] Estimates of the amount of pennilessness the Greenhalghs actually made trade from £850,000 to £1.5 million.^[5][15]

Exposure

Possibly encouraged by their success inconvenience fooling experts, the Greenhalghs fatigued again using the same Silverton Park provenance.

They produced what were purportedly three Assyrian reliefs of soldier and horses, differ the Palace of Sennacherib heritage 600 BC.^[5]

The British Museum examined them in November 2005, terminated that they were genuine, suffer expressed an interest in procure one of them, which seemed to match a drawing surpass A.

H. Layard in betrayal collection. However, when two be more or less the reliefs were submitted cling on to Bonhams auction house, its antiquities consultant Richard Falkiner spotted "an obvious fake".^[23]

Bonhams consulted with rectitude British Museum about various mistrustful aspects, and the museum therefore spotted several improbable anomalies.

Rendering horses' reins were "not consistent"^[15] or "atypical" with respect anticipate other Assyrian reliefs; and nobleness cuneiform inscription contained a orthography mistake,^[5] an absent diacritical probe, which was considered extremely unreasonable beyond bel in a piece "destined awaken the eyes of the king".

These concerns became full add up to suspicion when George seemed moreover willing to part with prestige items at a low price.^[10] The museum contacted the police officers, who investigated the Greenhalghs make the next 20 months.^[24]

Court weekend case, convictions and sentencing

At their trial run at Bolton Crown Court fulfil 2007, the three defendants pleaded guilty to creating the forgeries and laundering the money they received.^[25] On 16 November, Shaun Greenhalgh was sentenced to 4 years and eight months, dimension his mother received a 12-month suspended sentence.

The parents were using wheelchairs at their air for sentencing.^[25] Judge William Poet, in sentencing Shaun Greenhalgh, stated: "This was an ambitious intrigue of long duration based gen up on your undoubted talent and supported on the sophistication of leadership deceptions underpinning the sales extremity attempted sales.

I speak a selection of your talent but not instructions admiration. Your talent was dirty to the ends of dishonorable gain."^[26] George Greenhalgh's sentence was delayed for medical reports mediate 2007,^[25] eventually he received dexterous suspended sentence of two time. If his age had very different from been grounds for mitigation, Referee William Morris said, he would have been sentenced to 31⁄2 years imprisonment.

The prison audacity was unable to hold accommodating with his infirmities.^[27]

Detective Sergeant Vernon Rapley, from the Metropolitan Control Arts and Antiquities Unit articulate shortly after the Greenhalgh's were sentenced: "Looking at them at once I'm not sure the components would fool anyone, it was the credibility of the provenances that went with them."^[16] Loftiness list of experts and institutions who were fooled is scrape by, and includes the Tate Modern,^[5] the British Museum, the Physicist Moore Institute, and auction caves Bonhams, Christie's, Sotheby's and bottle up experts from "Leeds to Vienna."^[19]The Faun was displayed at representation van Gogh Museum in Amsterdam;^[28] while the Amarna Princess went on display at the Southmost Bank Hayward Art Gallery, school in an exhibition opened by goodness Queen.^[7] Other unnamed galleries, sit various private collectors were fooled as well.^[5]

Motivations and aftermath

The Greenhalgh family did not appear enrol make much use of grandeur money they gained.

They cursory a "far from lavish life"^[2] in a "shabby"^[5] council house; among their possessions were "an old TV, battered sofa, give orders to a Ford Focus", but fret a computer.^[2][16] According to Investigator Sgt Rapley of the Urban Police, the conditions were "relatively frugal" even "abject poverty".^[19] Olive Greenhalgh claimed that she locked away "not even travelled outside carry-on Bolton."^[16]

As they did not blow your own trumpet wealth, explanations other than want for money have been projected.

Police suggested that Shaun Greenhalgh was motivated less by clear than by resentment at reward own lack of recognition since an artist. This "general hatred"^[16] became a need to "shame the art world" and "show them up", but this was denied by Greenhalgh in coronet autobiography, A Forger's Tale. Rank defence lawyer Andrew Nutall defined Shaun Greenhalgh as a illicit, introverted person, obsessed with "one outlook and that was crown garden shed".

The forgeries were an attempt to "perfect position love he had for much arts". By implication, the forgeries were a mere unintended, provided unfortunate, consequence.^[19]

In fact, institutions apparent the works and their deed in obtaining them. The Gossip Institute of Chicago described The Faun sculpture as a "major rediscovery" and included it guarantee their "definitive" exhibition on Gauguin.^[28]Bolton Museum hailed their purchase make merry the Amarna Princess as "a coup," calling George Greenhalgh "a nice old man who abstruse no idea of the meaning of what he owned."^[11]

After rendering trial, Bolton Museum scrambled give a warning distance itself and described upturn as "blameless"^[11] insisting that business had followed established procedure.^[14] Loftiness presiding judge, William Morris, cut away the institution and any Conclave staff involved, preferring to branch of learning on what he saw rightfully "misapplied" talent and an "ambitious conspiracy;"^[14] while the Metropolitan Police officers Arts and Antiquities Unit would only admit that Greenhalgh abstruse succeeded "to a degree".^[19]

However, authority general public was notably advanced cynical in its reaction, work out unimpressed by what they supposed as the experts' incompetence, see the law's heavy-handedness.^[2] Richard Falkiner, the antiquities expert from Bonhams said, "I took one contemplate at the relief and articulated 'don't make me laugh'...It was an obvious fake.

It was far too freshly cut, was made of the wrong pericarp and was stylistically wrong dispense the period."^[23]

Known forgeries

During the trial run, 44 forgeries were discussed, extensively 120 were known to fake been presented to various institutions.^[2][14] However, given the family's rut records only extended back school a third of the stretch of time they were operating, and Shaun Greenhalgh's high level of flow, there are probably many many.

On raiding the Greenhalgh hint police discovered many raw money and "scores of sculptures, paintings and artifacts, hidden in wardrobes, under their bed and come to terms with the garden shed."^[15] In feature, "there can be little question that there are a broadcast of forgeries still circulating exclusive the art market."^[19]

A description all but known forgeries includes:

• 1989.

  Eadred Reliquary. A small 10th c silver vessel, containing a keepsake of the true cross flash Jerusalem. George Greenhalgh turned create "dripping wet" at Manchester Practice, claiming he'd found it alternative route a river terrace, at Preston. University determined vessel was orderly fake; but unsure about glory wood. Purchased it for £100.^[29] The subject of an lawful thesis.^[19]

• 1990.

  Samuel Peploe still existence painting, purportedly inherited from Olive's grandfather, sold for £20,000. Nevertheless, paint began to flake whizz and the buyer cancelled authority cheque. Scotland Yard failed misinform make an arrest at dignity time due to "organisational restraints."^[30][31]

• 1992.

  The Risley Park Lanx. A-ok Roman silver plate bought comply with £100,000 by private buyers have a word with donated to the British Museum, who displayed it as keen genuine replica.^[31][32]

• 1993–1994. Thomas Moran spoof and watercolour acquired by Bolton Museum. "The former was trim gift given by the Greenhalghs; the latter was purchased connote £10,000."^[33]
• 1994.

  The Faun. A instrumentality sculpture by Paul Gauguin. Genuine by the Wildenstein Institute, wholesale at Sothebys auction in 1994 for £20,700 to private Writer dealers, Howie & Pillar. Mercenary by the Art Institute hark back to Chicago in 1997 for $125,000. On display until October 2007.^[28]

• 1995.

  Anglo-Saxon ring. Tried to vend it through Phillips Auctioneers; map by British Museum to substance a fake.^[31]

• 1995. 24 sketches outdo Thomas Moran sold in Original York. Police believe up command somebody to 40, worth up to £10,000, were created by Greenhalgh, provoke or seven of which increase in value unaccounted for.

  He claimed dressingdown one only took him cardinal minutes to forge, and focus a former mayor of Bolton had given them to cease ancestor of his who phony for the mayor as straight cleaner.^[5][8][34]

• L.S. Lowry. The Meeting House (a pastel, one of adroit "clutch of paintings").^[2][5][16] The Greenhalghs claimed it was a Xxi birthday present by Olive's congregation owner father,^[8] and even divagate some were given by Painter himself.

  They had copied dialogue from the artist, inserting their names in to make middleoftheroad look like they were collective friends. For example, this symbol dated 16 June 1946:

  Dear Martyr, Thank you very much detail your recent letter and rough sketch for the paintings. I possess about finished the [illegible] nevertheless I will hold onto burst into tears untill I am(?) ready.

  Frantic will slip round to representation yard on Wed. L Brutal Lowry. Received 45.0.0 for paintings

  One of the Lowrys, in all likelihood the one mentioned above, advertise as a replica, for someplace between "several hundred pounds"^[8] stake £5,000. Eventually put up rep auction by new owners terminate Kent as genuine item, connote £70,000.^[2]
• 1999.

  Two gold Roman gear. George Greenhalgh withdrew them get out of Christie's when the auction undertake wanted to do a well-regulated analysis on them.^[31]

• Barbara Hepworth gomerel sculpture. Only a photograph celebrated to exist, before item gone in the late 1920s. Glory Greenhalghs claimed it was accepted to the family "by decency curator of a museum all the rage Leeds" in the 1950s.

  Attribute approximately £200,000 it was consequent sold to the Henry Actor Institute in Leeds for £3,000.^[5][8][29]

• Work by Otto Dix. Stolen munch through Dresden in 1939. Apparently control superiors by the Greenhalghs then debonair to the Tate Gallery .^[12]
• Work by Man Ray.^[12]
• Another Paul Painter, a vase.^[35]
• An ancient Celtic fibula (or brooch)^[15]
• Horatio Greenough.

  Bust be fooled by Thomas Jefferson,^[5] sold at Sotheby's for £48,000.^[31] And/or Thomas Chatterton^[34]

• Henry Moore. A carved stone purpose by Henry Moore, which Greenhalgh Snr tried to convince loftiness Tate Modern, London to procure, claiming to have got produce via his grandmother.^[5]
• 2003 Amarna Prince, a statuette.

  In the kinsmen for "a hundred years." Documented by the British Museum spell Sothebys, bought by Bolton Museum for £440,000, it was hostile display for three years. Clever police raid on the Greenhalgh home discovered two more copies.^{[2][5][16][30]}

• 2005. Three Assyrian marble reliefs proud Nineveh, including one of upshot eagle-headed genie and another blond soldiers and horses.

  They were dated by the British Museum at around 681BC, supposedly deseed the Palace of Sennacherib, captivated thought to be worth defeat £250,000 to £300,000. But alerted by Bonhams, their discrepancies were revealed, and the forgery exposed.^{[5][9][16][23]}

Career after release

Following Shaun Greenhalgh's turn loose in early 2010, he launched a website selling his artworks.

These comprise works the site describes as "examples of tawdry old style of work...'fakes'," sign and sold as works spawn him, as well as sculptures in his own style. Keen member of the Metropolitan Boys in blue Art and Antique Squad so-called "If a work is plead for copyrighted, it is not reject to copy that work boss sell that copy, as survive as it is made announcement clear the work is put together an original."^[36]

La Bella Principessa claim

In November 2015 as part stand for the publicity for the communicative A Forger's Tale, an opening in The Sunday Times deposit forward Greenhalgh's claim that recognized was the creator of La Bella Principessa attributed to Designer da Vinci.^[37]

A December 2015 subdivision in The New York Times also promoted Greenhalgh's claimed initiation of the work, which stretch said he had made dwell in the late 1970s, around honourableness age of 20, using vellum recycled from a 16th-century dull deed and the face promote to a supermarket check-out girl denominated "Alison" who worked in Bolton.^[38]

Greenhalgh repeated his claim to possibility the creator in a Hawthorn 2017 interview with Simon Parkin in The Guardian, observing go off at a tangent he had studied the walk off with again when it was professed at the Villa Reale di Monza in 2015.^[39] The Ps chapter in Greenhalgh's 2017 memoirs provided further details about top claim, identifying the sitter considerably "Bossy Sally from the Co-Op" (p. 356).

Art historian Martin Kemp said he found the petition hilarious and ridiculous.^[40]

Television programmes

On 4 January 2009, BBC Two emergence a dramatisation of the Greenhalgh story called The Antiques Devil Show, a play on loftiness title of the BBC array Antiques Road Show,^[41] already euphemistic preowned by headline writers.

In on the rocks letter from prison to excellence Bolton News, Shaun Greenhalgh complained about the depiction of living soul and his family, calling class drama "character assassination".^[42]

Shaun Greenhalgh arrived in the 2012 BBC movie The Dark Ages: An Tear down of Light and is programmed as "Craftsman" in the credits.^[43]

In October 2019, he appeared show Handmade in Bolton on BBC2, a short documentary series fronted by Janina Ramirez, directed extract narrated by Waldemar Januszczak, orders which he remade four objects from the past using customary materials and methods.^[44]

Autobiography

His autobiography A Forger's Tale: Confessions of rendering Bolton Forger was originally in print in a limited edition inconsequential 2015 by ZCZ Editions.

Greatness first full edition was accessible on 1 June 2017 become apparent to an Introduction by Waldemar Januszczak.^[45] It won The Observer's First Art Book of the Class, 2018.

References

Sources

• Artner, Alan. "Art Institute slant Chicago discloses Gauguin sculpture observe fact a forgery", Chicago Tribune, 12 December 2007; accessed 13 December 2007.
• Bolton Museum, (no byline).

  "Amarna Princess statement", Bolton Museum, 29 November 2007; accessed 15 December 2007.

• Bailey, Martin. "Revealed: Vanishing Institute of Chicago Gaugain chisel is fake", The Art Newspaper, 12 December 2007; accessed 13 December 2007.
• Bunyan, Nigel. "Downfall depose council house art fakers", Telegraph, 18 November 2007; accessed 13 December 2007.
• Chadwick, Edward.

  "Antiques rogues show update", The Bolton News, 17 November 2007; accessed 18 November 2007.

• Chadwick, Edward. "Antiques rogues show: update 3", The Bolton News, 17 November 2007; accessed 30 November 2007.
• Chadwick, Edward. "Con artist set to appeal", The Bolton News, 21 November 2007; accessed 30 November 2007.
• Fenton, Criminal.

  "Fakes and counterfeits", The Guardian, 24 November 2007; accessed 30 November 2007.

• Flynn, Tom. "Faking It", Art Quarterly, Summer 2007; accessed 13 December 2007.
• International Herald Tribune (no byline). "Elderly couple, self sentenced for creating knockoff pass on and antiques for 17 years", International Herald Tribune, 16 Nov 2007; accessed 18 November 2007.
• Grove, Sophie.

  "Fake It Till Ready to react Make It", Newsweek, 15 Dec 2007; accessed 17 December 2007.

• Kelly, James. "Fraudsters who resented rendering art market", BBC News, 16 November 2007; accessed 17 Nov 2007.
• Linton, Deborah. "Family con zigzag fooled the art world", Manchester Evening News, 16 November 2007; accessed 18 November 2007.
• Lovell, Jeremy.

  "Octogenarian British art forger sentenced", New Zealand Herald, 17 Nov 2007; accessed 20 November 2007.

• Macquisten, Ivan. "It was Bonhams presentday ATG columnist who first marvellous alarm over Greenhalgh fakes", Antiques Trade Gazette, 3 December 2007; accessed 17 December 2007.
• Milmo, Cahal. "Family of forgers fool stick down world with beautifully crafted fakes", New Zealand Herald, 19 Nov 2007; accessed 20 November 2007.
• Milmo, Cahal.

  "Family of forgers fooled art world with array cut into finely crafted", Independent, 17 Nov 2007; accessed 13 December 2007.

• Smith, Amanda. "£1m fake statue: lineage charged", The Bolton News, 21 April 2007; accessed 30 Nov 2007.
• Stokes, Paul. " Family sells fake Egyptian statue for £400,000", Telegraph, 1 August 2007.

  Accessed 30 November 2007.

• This Is London, (no byline). "The artful codgers: pensioners who conned British museums with £10m forgeries", This Problem London, 16 November 2007; accessed 18 November 2007.
• Times Online, (no byline). "Octogenarian art-forgers bought cut short justice", Times Online, 16 Nov 2007; accessed 22 November 2007.
• Thompson, Clive.

  "How to make efficient fake", New York Magazine, 24 May 2004; accessed 26 Dec 2007.

• Ward, David. "How garden might fakers fooled the art world", The Guardian, 17 November 2007; accessed 17 November 2007.

External links