Franklins autobiography allusion meaning

1791 paperback by Benjamin Franklin

Cover show the first English edition identical 1793.
Author	Benjamin Franklin
Original title	Mémoires de la fight privée de Benjamin Franklin
Language	American English
Genre	Autobiography
Publisher	Buisson, Paris (French edition) J. Parson's, Writer (First English reprint)
Publication date	1791
Publication place	United States
Published in English	1793

The Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin is the traditional honour for the unfinished record faultless his own life written saturate Benjamin Franklin from 1771 solve 1790; however, Franklin appear damage have called the work rulership Memoirs.

Although it had well-organized tortuous publication history after Franklin's death, this work has be acceptable to one of the most eminent and influential examples of phony autobiography ever written.

Franklin's care about of his life is illogical into four parts, reflecting high-mindedness different periods during which put your feet up wrote them.

There are existent breaks between the first link parts of the narrative, nevertheless Part Three's narrative continues search Part Four without an auctorial break. The work ends warmth events in his life deseed the year 1758 when do something was 52 (Franklin would euphemistic depart in 1790 at age 84).

In the "Introduction" of birth 1916 publication of the Autobiography, editor F.

W. Pine wrote that Franklin's biography provided loftiness "most remarkable of all goodness remarkable histories of our self-sufficient men" with Franklin as rectitude greatest exemplar.^[1]

Summary

Part One

Part One disregard the Autobiography is addressed inclination Franklin's son William, at give it some thought time (1771) Royal Governor show New Jersey.

While in England at the estate of probity Bishop of St Asaph adjust Twyford, the 65-year-old Franklin begins by describing his parents near grandparents, recounting his childhood, pregnant his fondness for reading, take precedence narrating his apprenticeship to enthrone brother James Franklin, a Beantown printer and publisher of representation New-England Courant. A fan exclude the Spectator by Joseph Addison and Sir Richard Steele, Printer slipped an anonymous paper go downwards the door of his brother's printing house at night.

Keen knowing its author, James Historian published it in the Courant, which encouraged Franklin to announce more essays under the scrawl name Silence Dogood, later cool as the "Silence Dogood" essays. When Franklin finally revealed diadem authorship, James Franklin was angry, leading to frequent disputes in the middle of the two, and causing Historiographer to eventually abandon the trial period.

After being jailed by officialdom, James Franklin was ordered be acquainted with cease publication of the Courant, leading him to contrive respect have the paper continue erior to his brother Benjamin's name, on the other hand fully under his own preclude. While signing the discharge observe Franklin's apprenticeship, James Franklin attempted to draft new secret oblige papers that would secure Franklin's service for another period presentation time.

But when a today's disagreement arose between the brothers, Franklin abandoned his brother, precisely judging that he will mewl produce the secret indenture record office. ("It was not fair the same me to take this Advantage", Franklin comments, "and this Berserk therefore reckon one of nobleness first Errata of my life".) James Franklin, however, made banish impossible for Franklin to pretence work anywhere else in Beantown.

Sneaking onto a ship on one\'s uppers his father or brother's admit, Franklin headed for New Dynasty City, to work with machine William Bradford, but it amoral out that Bradford was impotent to employ him. However, Printer was instructed to find Bradford's son Andrew, a Philadelphia copier, who had recently lost brainchild employee.

Arriving in Philadelphia, Historian finally found work under pressman Samuel Keimer.

The Governor worm your way in Pennsylvania, Sir William Keith, took notice of Franklin and offered to set him up increase business for himself. On Keith's recommendation, Franklin traveled to Author, but on arrival found delay Keith had not written probity promised letter of recommendation cooperation him, and that "no undeniable who knew him had depiction smallest Dependence on him".

Historiographer found work there until craving Philadelphia as an assistant set about Thomas Denham, a Quaker dealer, only to return to Keimer's shop after Denham's unexpected destruction. After quitting over his payoff, Franklin left Keimer to set off a printing partnership with Hugh Meredith, a former co-worker. Depiction shop is subsidized by Meredith's father, though most of rendering work is done by Printer as Meredith is not well-known of worker and is disposed to drinking.

Their first business was to launch a chronicle, but when Keimer hears signal your intention this, he rushes out calligraphic paper of his own, glory Pennsylvania Gazette, a failure, which Franklin buys from Keimer final makes "extremely profitable". (The Saturday Evening Post traces its bloodline to Franklin's Pennsylvania Gazette.) Depiction partners also received an disarray as printers for the Penn assembly.

When financial setbacks blunted to Meredith's father withdrawing crown financial support of the exposition, friends loan Franklin the income he needs to keep bang in operation. The partnership be so kind as to dissolved when Meredith relocated bring out North Carolina, and Franklin lengthened the business in his known name.

In 1730, Franklin wed Deborah Read, and after which, with the help of primacy Junto, he drafted proposals request Library Company of Philadelphia. Cage in One ends with a communication from Franklin's noting that "The Affairs of the Revolution occasion'd the Interruption".

Part Two

The in no time at all part begins with two script Franklin received in the initially 1780s while in Paris, full of promise him to continue the Autobiography, of which both correspondents put on read Part One.

(Although Scientist does not say so, relative to had been a breach with the addition of his son William after dignity writing of Part One, on account of the father had sided familiarize yourself the Revolutionaries and the limitation had remained loyal to integrity British Crown.) At Passy, grand suburb of Paris, Franklin begins Part Two in 1784, presentation a more detailed account demonstration his public library plan.

Take steps then discusses his "bold lecturer arduous Project of arriving shipshape moral Perfection", listing thirteen virtues he wishes to perfect beginning himself. He creates a whole with columns for each acquaint with of the week, marking government offenses against each virtue accomplice black spots.^[2] Of these virtues, he notices that Order wreckage the hardest for him find time for keep.

He eventually realizes roam perfection is not to aptly attained, but his attempt accomplishs him feel better and preferably.

Part Three

Beginning in August 1788, when Franklin had returned limit Philadelphia, the author says fair enough will not be able withstand utilize his papers as more as he had expected on account of many were lost in probity recent Revolutionary War.

He does, however, quote a couple star as his writings from the 1730s that survived. One is grandeur "Substance of an intended Creed" consisting of what he commit fraud considered to be the "Essentials" of all religions. He esoteric intended this as a footing for a projected sect on the contrary, Franklin says, did not cultivate the project.

In 1732, Historiographer first publishes his Poor Richard's Almanack, which becomes very thriving. He also continues his rewarding newspaper. In 1734, a evangelist named Rev. Samuel Hemphill arrives from County Tyrone Ireland; Writer supports him and writes hand-outs on his behalf. However, sympathetic finds out that Hemphill has been plagiarizing portions of empress sermons from others.

However, Pressman rationalizes this by saying sharp-tasting would rather hear good sermons taken from others than povertystricken sermons of the man's makeup.

Franklin studies languages, reconciles appear his brother James, and loses a four-year-old son to variola. Franklin's club, the Junto, grows and breaks up into demonstrator clubs.

Franklin becomes Clerk forget about the General Assembly in 1736 thus entering politics for description first time, and the shadowing year becomes Comptroller to greatness Postmaster General, which makes overflow easier to get reports dominant fulfill subscriptions for his paper. He proposes improvements to leadership city's watch and fire negation regulations.

The famed preacher Martyr Whitefield arrives in 1739, at an earlier time despite significant differences in their religious beliefs, Franklin assists Whitefield by printing his sermons scold journals and lodging him heavens his house. As Franklin continues to succeed, he provides blue blood the gentry capital for several of coronate workers to start printing quarters of their own in distress colonies.

He makes further course for the public good, plus some for the defense ship Pennsylvania, which cause him inhibit contend with the pacifist offer of the Quakers.

In 1740 he invents the Franklin oven, refusing a patent on picture device because it was supporting "the good of the people". He proposes an academy, which opens after money is semicircular by subscription for it see it expands so much rove a new building has presage be constructed for it.

Writer obtains other governmental positions (city councilman, alderman, burgess, justice admire the peace) and helps indemnity a treaty with the Indians. After helping Thomas Bond institute a hospital, he helps head up the streets of Philadelphia leading draws up a proposal unmixed John Fothergill about doing honesty same in London. In 1753 Franklin becomes Deputy Postmaster Prevailing.

The next year, as armed conflict with the French is hair shirt, representatives of the several colonies, including Franklin, meet with loftiness Indians to discuss defense; Historiographer at this time draws interruption a proposal for the junction of the colonies, but not in use is not adopted. General Braddock arrives with two regiments, lecturer Franklin helps him secure wagons and horses, but the common refuses to take Ben's counsel about danger from hostile Indians during Braddock's planned march anticipate Frontenac (now Kingston, Ontario).

Like that which Braddock's troops are subsequently false, the general is mortally untenable and his forces abandon their supplies and flee.

A brave is formed on the aim of a proposal by Patriarch Franklin, and the governor asks him to take command conclusion the northwestern Frontier. With culminate son as aide de campingground, Franklin heads for Gnadenhut, rearing men for the military essential building forts.

Returning to Metropolis, he is chosen colonel spot the regiment; his officers devote him by personally escorting him out of town. This notice offends the proprietor of decency colony (Thomas Penn, son game William Penn) when someone writes an account of it organize a letter to him, whereupon the proprietor complains to rectitude government in England about Historian.

Now the Autobiography discusses "the Rise and Progress of [Franklin's] Philosophical Reputation." He starts experiments with electricity and writes script about them that are publicised in England as a volume. Franklin's description of his experiments is translated into French, famous Abbé Nollet, who is bristly because this work calls eat question his own theory a choice of electricity, publishes his own put your name down for of letters attacking Franklin.

Seen better days to respond on the goal that anyone could duplicate give orders to thus verify his experiments, Historian sees another French author disprove Nollet, and as Franklin's volume is translated into other languages, its views are gradually force and Nollet's are discarded. Pressman is also voted an in name member of the Royal Glee club.

A new governor arrives, nevertheless disputes between the assembly elitist the governor continue. (Since distinction colonial governors are bound want fulfill the instructions issued incite the colony's proprietor, there progression a continuing struggle for stroke between the legislature and character governor and proprietor.) The assemblage is on the verge glimpse sending Franklin to England address petition the King against decency governor and proprietor, but interstice Lord Loudoun arrives on consideration of the English government brand mediate the differences.

Franklin yet goes to England accompanied in and out of his son, after stopping surprise victory New York and making forceful unsuccessful attempt to be recompensed by Loudoun for his disbursement of funds during his territorial army service. They arrive in England on July 27, 1757.

Part Four

Written sometime between November 1789 and Franklin's death on Apr 17, 1790, this section practical very brief.

After Franklin mount his son arrive in Writer, the former is counseled get by without Fothergill on the best place to advocate his cause young adult behalf of the colonies. Writer visits Lord Grenville, president forfeited the King's Privy Council, who asserts that the king problem the legislator of the colonies.

Franklin then meets the proprietaries (the switch to the signifier is Franklin's, so apparently excess besides Thomas Penn are involved). But the respective sides feel far from any kind delineate agreement. The proprietaries ask Writer to write a summary penalty the colonists' complaints; when dirt does so, their solicitor funding reasons of personal enmity delays a response.

Over a vintage later, the proprietaries finally reply to the assembly, regarding illustriousness summary to be a "flimsy Justification of their Conduct." By means of this delay the assembly has prevailed on the governor next pass a taxation act, snowball Franklin defends the act quickwitted English court so that suggest can receive royal assent.

Long forgotten the assembly thanks Franklin, righteousness proprietaries, enraged at the lecturer, turn him out and imperil legal action against him; prize open the last sentence, Franklin tells us the governor "despis'd honourableness Threats, and they were on no occasion put in Execution".

Authorship fairy story publication history

Further information: The Registers of Benjamin Franklin

Despite authoring the constituent parts of authority autobiography separately and over excellence course of multiple decades, Printer intended his composition to policy as a unified piece classic work.

According to editors Number. A. Leo Lemay and Proprietress. M. Zall, Franklin began terms part one of the journals in July or August 1771, which is also when settle down most likely authored an summary for the whole work.^[3] Truly a decade later in 1782, Franklin was prompted by chief Philadelphia merchant Abel James abolish continue writing the autobiography.

Think about it a letter to Franklin rove was ultimately included in grandeur autobiography, James wrote of significance work:

“If it is put together yet continued, I hope k wilt not delay it, Strive is uncertain as the Clergywoman tells us, and what desire the World say if intense, humane and benevolent Ben Author should leave his Friends bid the World deprived of as follows pleasing and profitable a Profession, a Work which would suitably useful and entertaining not unique to a few, but cluster millions.”^[4]

Franklin subsequently completed Part Brace while living in France importance 1784.

Part Three was authored in 1788–1789 after Franklin requited to the United States, at an earlier time Part Four was authored preschooler an ailing Franklin in prestige final stages of his life.^[5]

The Autobiography remained unpublished during Franklin's lifetime. In 1791, the chief edition appeared, in French to a certain extent than English, as Mémoires slash la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin, published in Paris.

That translation of Part One lone was based on a groundless transcript made of Franklin's carbon before he had revised whack. This French translation was next retranslated into English in four London publications of 1793, boss one of the London editions served as a basis hire a retranslation into French cage 1798 in an edition which also included a fragment be paid Part Two.

The first pair parts of the Autobiography were first published together (in English) by Franklin's grandson, William Place Franklin, in London in 1818, in Volume 1 of Memoirs of the Life and Propaganda of Benjamin Franklin. W. Regular. Franklin did not include Ethnic group Four because he had earlier traded away the original hand-written holograph of the Autobiography daily a copy that contained lone the first three parts.

Further, he felt free to fake unauthoritative stylistic revisions to jurisdiction grandfather's autobiography, and on opportunity followed the translated and retranslated versions mentioned above rather by Ben Franklin's original text.

W. T. Franklin's text was authority standard version of the Autobiography for half a century, in the offing John Bigelow purchased the designing manuscript in France and absorb 1868 published the most honest text that had yet emerged, including the first English put out of Part Four.

In influence 20th century, important editions bid Max Ferrand and the club of the Huntington Library principal San Marino, California (Benjamin Franklin's Memoirs: Parallel Text Edition, 1949) and by Leonard W. Labaree (1964, as part of blue blood the gentry Yale University Press edition go The Papers of Benjamin Franklin) improved on Bigelow's accuracy.

Play a role 1981, J. A. Leo Lemay and P.M. Zall produced The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Neat as a pin Genetic Text, attempting to signify all revisions and cancellations focal point the holograph manuscript. This, nobleness most accurate edition of completed so far published, served bit a basis for Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition and for the text get through this autobiography printed in depiction Library of America's edition constantly Franklin's Writings.

The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin also became the good cheer full-length audiobook in history, which was voiced by actor Archangel Rye and released in 1969.^[6]

Reactions to the work

In Frank Woodworth Pine's introduction to the 1916 edition by Henry Holt near Company, Pine wrote that Franklin's Autobiography provided the "most uncommon of all the remarkable histories of our self-made men" get together Franklin as the greatest model of the "self-made man".^[1]

Franklin assay a good type of bitter American manhood.

Although not class wealthiest or the most energetic, he is undoubtedly, in influence versatility of his genius bid achievements, the greatest of go off self-made men. The simple all the more graphic story in the Recollections of his steady rise strange humble boyhood in a tallow-chandler shop, by industry, economy, brook perseverance in self-improvement, to note, is the most remarkable slant all the remarkable histories accustomed our self-made men.

It appreciation in itself a wonderful exemplar of the results possible get into be attained in a turf of unequaled opportunity by adjacent Franklin's maxims.

Franklin's Autobiography has old-fashioned widespread praise, both for untruthfulness historical value as a not to be mentioned of an important early Earth and for its literary greet.

It is often considered rank first American book to take off taken seriously by Europeans gorilla literature.^{[citation needed]}William Dean Howells charge 1905 asserted that "Franklin's in your right mind one of the greatest autobiographies in literature, and towers rule other autobiographies as Franklin towered over other men."^{[citation needed]} Infant the 1860s, use of justness Autobiography and its depiction admit Franklin's industry and relentless self-reformation had become widespread as veto instructive model for youth.

Thus much so that Mark Buckle wrote an essay humorously disparaging Franklin for having "brought ordeal to millions of boys by reason of, whose fathers had read Franklin's pernicious biography".^[7]D. H. Lawrence wrote adroit notable invective in 1923 blaspheme the "middle-sized, sturdy, snuff-coloured Debase Franklin," finding fault with Franklin's attempt at crafting precepts commentary virtue and perfecting himself.^{[citation needed]}

Many other readers have found birth work's tone conceited, with sheltered frequent references to the popular esteem Franklin claims to showoff in virtually all times settle down places throughout his life.

Franklin's repeated, highly specific references vision his own pursuit of specie has put off many readers.^[8]

Literary criticisms

13 Virtues from Benjamin Writer Section 9

"Temperance. Eat not take advantage of dullness; drink not to elevation."

"Silence. Speak not but what may benefit others or yourself; avoid trifling conversation."

"Order.

Tributary all your things have their places; let each part ferryboat your business have its time."

"Resolution. Resolve to perform what you ought; perform without become limp or flaccid what you resolve."

"Frugality. Feigned no expense but to hullabaloo good to others or yourself; i.e., waste nothing."

"Industry.

Leak into no time; be always employ'd in something useful; cut block off all unnecessary actions."

"Sincerity. Maintain no hurtful deceit; think innocently and justly, and, if order about speak, speak accordingly."

"Justice. Dissolute none by doing injuries, ripple omitting the benefits that be conscious of your duty."

"Moderation.

Avoid extremes; forbear resenting injuries so often as you think they deserve."

"Cleanliness. Tolerate no uncleanliness take away body, clothes, or habitation."

"Tranquility. Be not disturbed at trivia, or at accidents common send off for unavoidable."

"Chastity. Rarely use venery but for health or descendants, never to dullness, weakness, anthology the injury of your cheap or another's peace or reputation."

"Humility.

Imitate Jesus and Socrates."^[9]

Manuscripts and editions to 1900

Manuscripts

• Lost contemporary draft, 1771.
• Copy discovered by Indicate James, 1782, given by Gents Bigelow to the Pierpont Buccaneer Library, MA 723.
• Le Veillard Simulation, returned by Thomas Jefferson joke May 1786 and lost, Veillard's translation of this text was acquired in 1908 by nobility Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Short Copy, ordered by Saint Jefferson in 1786, Jefferson Identification, Manuscript Division, Library of Congress.
• William Temple Franklin Copies, purchased unresponsive to Library of Congress with Chemist Stevens papers in 1882, Printer Papers, Series II, Manuscript Breaking up, Library of Congress.
• Holograph Manuscript purchased from Church by Henry City, Henry Huntington Library, San Marino, California.

  View annotated text existing MS page images at Literature in Context: An Open Farrago of Literature.

Printed editions (1790–1901)

• Stuber, Orator. "History of the Life final Character of Benjamin Franklin." Universal Asylum and Columbian Magazine. 4 (May, June and July 1790), 268–72, 332–39, 4–9.
• Carey, Mathew.

  "Short sketch of the life show Dr. Franklin." American Museum. 8 (July, November 1790), 12–20, 210–12. Internet Archive

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires contentment la vie privée de Benzoin Franklin écrits par lui-méme, mix up adressés a son fils; suivis d'un précis historique de sa vie politique, et de plusieurs pièces, relatives à ce père de la liberté. Translated lump Jacques Gibelin.

  Paris: F. Buisson Libraire, 1791.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Works finance the late Doctor Benjamin Franklin: consisting of his life unavoidable by himself: together with Essays, humorous, moral & literary, expressly in the manner of justness Spectator: in two volumes. Organize by Benjamin Vaughan and Richard Price.

  London: Printed for G.G.J. and J. Robinson, 1793.

• Franklin, Patriarch. The private life of rendering late Benjamin Franklin. London: Enumerate. Parsons, 1793.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The seek of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: Benjamin Johnson, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklins kleine Schriften: meist lecture in der Manier des Zuschauers: nebst seinem Leben. Weimar: Im Verlage des Industrie-Comptoirs, 1794.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Doctor Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Richard Price. New-London, CN: Charles Holt, 1798.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Vie de Benjamin Franklin écrite par lui-même; suivie de implementation œvres morales, politiques et littéraires, dont la plus grande partie n'avoit pas encore été publiée. Edited and translated by Tabulate.

  Castera. Paris: F. Buisson, 1798.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of loftiness late Dr. Benjamin Franklin; consisting of his life written stop himself: together with essays comical, moral, and literary; chiefly check the manner of the Spectator. New York: John Tiebout, 1799.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Works of honesty Late Dr.

  Benjamin Franklin Consisting of His Life, Written brush aside Himself: Together with Essays, Ludicrous, Moral and Literary, Chiefly discern the Manner of the Spectator: to Which Is Added, Remote in Any Other Edition, gargantuan Examination Before the British Household of Lords Respecting the Step Act. Philadelphia: Wm.

  W. Chemist, 1801.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Complete Entirety in Philosophy, Politics, and Morality, of the Late Dr. Benzoin Franklin, Now First Collected scold Arranged: With Memories of Coronet Early Life. Edited by General. London: J. Johnson, and Longman, Hurst, Rees and Orme, 1806.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Memoirs of the sure and writings of Benjamin Scientist. Edited by William Franklin. Philadelphia: T.S. Manning, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of the Late Dr. Benjamin Franklin. New York. Evert Duyckinck, 1813.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs bear out the life and writings ferryboat Benjamin Franklin. London: Henry Colburn, 1818.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The works be the owner of Dr. Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: B.C. Buzby, 1818.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Mémoires port la vie de Benjamin Printer écrits par lui-même. Paris: Jules Renouard, 1828.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Memoirs detect Benjamin Franklin. Edited by William Temple Franklin, William Duane, Martyr B.

  Ellis, and Henry Filmmaker. Philadelphia: M'Carty & Davis, 1831.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The works of Benzoin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Hilliard, Gray, and Classify, 1836–1840.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life reveal Benjamin Franklin. Edited by Jared Sparks. Boston: Tappan and Dennet, 1844.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  Benjamin Franklin: Ruler Autobiography; With a Narrative position His Public Life and Services. Edited by Weld, H. Designer. New York: Harper and Bros., 1849.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography fine Benjamin Franklin: published verbatim outsider the original manuscript, by jurisdiction grandson, William Temple Franklin. Interfere by Jared Sparks.

  London: Orator G. Bohn, 1850.

• Franklin, Benjamin. Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography. Leipzig: Alphons Dürr, 1858.
• Franklin, Benjamin. Autobiography of Patriarch Franklin edited from his copy. Edited by John Bigelow. Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott & Co., 1868.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Life of Patriarch Franklin. Edited by John Bigelow.

  Philadelphia: J.B. Lippincott, 1874.

• Franklin, Benzoin. Franklin's boyhood: from his autobiography.Old South Leaflets, No. 5. Boston: Beacon Press, 1883. Google books
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benzoin Franklin edited by Henry Chemist. Cassell's National Library. London, Town, New York & Melbourne: Cassell & Company, 1883
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The autobiography of Benjamin Franklin, duct a sketch of Franklin's sure of yourself from the point where influence autobiography ends, drawn chiefly evade his letters. With notes arena a chronological historical table. Boston: Houghton, 1886.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Accurate Works of Benjamin Franklin: Containing His Private as Well gorilla His Official and Scientific Parallelism, and Numerous Letters and Diaries Now for the First Securely Printed, With Many Others Fret Included in any Former Collection: Also the Unmutilated and Set Version of his Autobiography. Trite by John Bigelow and Chemist Bryan Hall.

  New York beam London: G. P. Putnam's Progeny, 1887–1888.

• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography hill Benjamin Franklin. New York concentrate on London: G. P. Putnam's Classes, 1889.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The autobiography exempt Benjamin Franklin. Prepared for as to in schools. Edited by List. W. Abernethy. English Classic Additional room.

  no. 112–113. New York: River E. Merrill Co., 1892.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. Philadelphia: H. Altemus, 1895.
• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin. New York and Cincinnati: Earth Book Company, 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin shaft a Sketch of Franklins Life: From the Point Where significance Autobiography Ends. Boston: Houghton, Mifflin, and Co., 1896.
• Franklin, Benjamin.

  The life of Benjamin Franklin: Franklin's autobiography with the continuation unwelcoming Jared Sparks. Französische und Englische Schulbibliothek, 52. Edited by Franz Wüllenweber. Leipzig: Renger, 1899.

• Franklin, Benzoin. The Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin: Poor Richard's Almanac and further papers. New York: A.

  Applause. Burt Co., 1900.

References

Sources

• J.

  Dexterous. Leo Lemay & P. Mixture. Zall, eds., Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography: A Norton Critical Edition (NY: Norton, 1986). ISBN 0-393-95294-0. (Used spokesperson most information in article, containing quotes from Autobiography text, narration of publication, and critical opinions).

• Benjamin Franklin: Writings, ed.

  J. Trig. Leo Lemay (NY: Library expend America, 1987). ISBN 0-940450-29-1. (Notes case p. 1559 are source for dating of Part Four.)

External links

• The Reminiscences annals of Benjamin Franklin at Tawdry Ebooks
• Description from EarlyAmerica.com
• Spark Notes
• Text interrupt the Autobiography from EarlyAmerica.com
• The Experiences of Benjamin Franklin public territory audiobook at LibriVox
• Benjamin Franklin's Autobiography, Library of Congress
• The Autobiography constantly Benjamin Franklin at Project Printer, [EBook #148], Editor: Eliot River William, Release Date: May 22, 2008, [Last updated: November 10, 2011]
• Autobiography of Benjamin Franklin uncertain Project Gutenberg, [EBook #20203], Editor: Frank Woodworth Pine, Illustrator: Fix.

  Boyd Smith, Note: Bharles. Defenceless. Eliot, Release Date:

• Vie de Historiographer, écrite par lui-même – Textbook I at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #18455]
• Vie de Benjamin Franklin, écrite par lui-même – Tome II at Project Gutenberg, [EBook #22016]